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Mol. Cells 2009; 28(6): 589-593

Published online November 19, 2009

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-009-0167-z

© The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology

Ligand-Independent Activation of the Androgen
Receptor by Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and the
Role of the MAPK Pathway in Skeletal Muscle Cells

Hye Jin Kim, and Won Jun Lee

Received: September 29, 2009; Accepted: October 19, 2009

Abstract

In this study, the roles of the p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK signaling pathway in IGF-I-induced AR induction and activation were examined. C2C12 cells were treated with IGF-I in the absence or presence of various inhibitors of p38 MAPK (SB203580), ERK1/2 (PD98059), and JNK (SP600125). Inhibition of the MAPK pathway with SB203580, PD98059, or SP600125 significantly decreased IGF-I-induced AR pho-sphorylation and total AR protein expression. IGF-I-induced nuclear fraction of total AR and phosphorylated AR were significantly inhibited by SB203580, PD98059, or SP600125. Furthermore, IGF-I-induced AR mRNA and skeletal α-actin mRNA were blocked by those inhibitors in dose-dependent manner. Confocal images showed that IGF-I-induced AR nuclear translocation from cytosol was significantly blocked by SB203580, PD98059, or SP600125, suggesting that the MAPK pathway regulates IGF-I-induced AR nuclear localization in skeletal muscle cells. The present results suggest that the MAPK pathways are required for the ligand-independent activation of AR by IGF-I in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells.

Keywords androgen receptor, insulin-like growth factor-I, ligand-independent mechanism, mitogen-activated protein kinase, steroid receptor

Article

Communication

Mol. Cells 2009; 28(6): 589-593

Published online December 31, 2009 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-009-0167-z

Copyright © The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology.

Ligand-Independent Activation of the Androgen
Receptor by Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and the
Role of the MAPK Pathway in Skeletal Muscle Cells

Hye Jin Kim, and Won Jun Lee

Received: September 29, 2009; Accepted: October 19, 2009

Abstract

In this study, the roles of the p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK signaling pathway in IGF-I-induced AR induction and activation were examined. C2C12 cells were treated with IGF-I in the absence or presence of various inhibitors of p38 MAPK (SB203580), ERK1/2 (PD98059), and JNK (SP600125). Inhibition of the MAPK pathway with SB203580, PD98059, or SP600125 significantly decreased IGF-I-induced AR pho-sphorylation and total AR protein expression. IGF-I-induced nuclear fraction of total AR and phosphorylated AR were significantly inhibited by SB203580, PD98059, or SP600125. Furthermore, IGF-I-induced AR mRNA and skeletal α-actin mRNA were blocked by those inhibitors in dose-dependent manner. Confocal images showed that IGF-I-induced AR nuclear translocation from cytosol was significantly blocked by SB203580, PD98059, or SP600125, suggesting that the MAPK pathway regulates IGF-I-induced AR nuclear localization in skeletal muscle cells. The present results suggest that the MAPK pathways are required for the ligand-independent activation of AR by IGF-I in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells.

Keywords: androgen receptor, insulin-like growth factor-I, ligand-independent mechanism, mitogen-activated protein kinase, steroid receptor

Mol. Cells
Nov 30, 2023 Vol.46 No.11, pp. 655~725
COVER PICTURE
Kim et al. (pp. 710-724) demonstrated that a pathogen-derived Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum type III effector RipL delays flowering time and enhances susceptibility to bacterial infection in Arabidopsis thaliana. Shown is the RipL-expressing Arabidopsis plant, which displays general dampening of the transcriptional program during pathogen infection, grown in long-day conditions.

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