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Mol. Cells 2013; 36(6): 542-547

Published online November 27, 2013

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-013-0237-0

© The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology

Trb3 Regulates LR Axis Formation in Zebrafish Embryos

Mrudhula Anuppalle, Sateesh Maddirevula, Tae-Lin Huh, and Myungchull Rhee

Received: August 23, 2013; Revised: October 5, 2013; Accepted: October 7, 2013

Abstract

Tribless family proteins are pseudokinases that lack DFG (Asp-Phe-Gly) motif in the functional kinase domain, regulating Akt and BMP pathways, insulin metabolism, hypoxia, and ubiquitination. This report concerns expression patterns and functional roles of trb3 in zebrafish embryonic development. trb3 is evolutionarily well-conserved and located on zebrafish chromosome 11. Spatiotemporal expression studies show that trb3 transcripts are abundant throughout embryogenesis, but confined to mesendodermal cells during the late blastula phase. Over-expression of trb3 ventralizes the embryos while a knockdown of trb3 using morpholino alters positioning of the heart, liver, and pancreatic buds as well as gut looping. Furthermore, constitutive activation of TGF-β signaling with TARAM-A* (TGF-β-related type I receptor) significantly increases the level of trb3 transcripts during the late blastula phase. Over-expression of trb3 reduces the level of smurf1 transcripts, a member of TGF-β signaling. We thus propose that Trb3 governs left-right (LR) axis patterning as a component of TGF-β signaling in vertebrate embryonic development.

Keywords left-right (LR) axis, mesendodermal cells, TGF-β, Tribless, zebrafish

Article

Research Article

Mol. Cells 2013; 36(6): 542-547

Published online December 31, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-013-0237-0

Copyright © The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology.

Trb3 Regulates LR Axis Formation in Zebrafish Embryos

Mrudhula Anuppalle, Sateesh Maddirevula, Tae-Lin Huh, and Myungchull Rhee

Received: August 23, 2013; Revised: October 5, 2013; Accepted: October 7, 2013

Abstract

Tribless family proteins are pseudokinases that lack DFG (Asp-Phe-Gly) motif in the functional kinase domain, regulating Akt and BMP pathways, insulin metabolism, hypoxia, and ubiquitination. This report concerns expression patterns and functional roles of trb3 in zebrafish embryonic development. trb3 is evolutionarily well-conserved and located on zebrafish chromosome 11. Spatiotemporal expression studies show that trb3 transcripts are abundant throughout embryogenesis, but confined to mesendodermal cells during the late blastula phase. Over-expression of trb3 ventralizes the embryos while a knockdown of trb3 using morpholino alters positioning of the heart, liver, and pancreatic buds as well as gut looping. Furthermore, constitutive activation of TGF-β signaling with TARAM-A* (TGF-β-related type I receptor) significantly increases the level of trb3 transcripts during the late blastula phase. Over-expression of trb3 reduces the level of smurf1 transcripts, a member of TGF-β signaling. We thus propose that Trb3 governs left-right (LR) axis patterning as a component of TGF-β signaling in vertebrate embryonic development.

Keywords: left-right (LR) axis, mesendodermal cells, TGF-β, Tribless, zebrafish

Mol. Cells
May 31, 2023 Vol.46 No.5, pp. 259~328
COVER PICTURE
The alpha-helices in the lamin filaments are depicted as coils, with different subdomains distinguished by various colors. Coil 1a is represented by magenta, coil 1b by yellow, L2 by green, coil 2a by white, coil 2b by brown, stutter by cyan, coil 2c by dark blue, and the lamin Ig-like domain by grey. In the background, cells are displayed, with the cytosol depicted in green and the nucleus in blue (Ahn et al., pp. 309-318).

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