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Mol. Cells 2013; 35(1): 25-31

Published online December 4, 2012

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-013-2159-2

© The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology

A Competitive Peptide Inhibitor KIDARI Negatively Regulates HFR1 by Forming Nonfunctional Heterodimers in Arabidopsis Photomorphogenesis

Shin-Young Hong, Pil Joon Seo, Jae Yong Ryu, Shin-Hae Cho, Je-Chang Woo, and Chung-Mo Park

Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, Department of Biological Science, Mokpo National University, Muan, Korea, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received: June 12, 2012; Revised: November 13, 2012; Accepted: November 14, 2012

Abstract

Dynamic dimer formation is an elaborate means of modulating transcription factor activities in diverse cellular processes.
The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED 1 (HFR1), for example,
plays a role in plant photomorphogenesis by forming non-DNA binding heterodimers with PHYTOCHROMEINTERACTING
FACTORS (PIFs). Recent studies have shown that a small HLH protein KIDARI (KDR) negatively
regulates the HFR1 activity in the process. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the KDR control of the
HFR1 activity are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that KDR attenuates the HFR1 activity by competitively forming
nonfunctional heterodimers, causing liberation of PIF4 from the transcriptionally inactive HFR1-PIF4 complex.
Accordingly, the photomorphogenic hypocotyl growth of the HFR1-overexpres-sing plants can be suppressed by
KDR coexpression, as observed in the HFR1-deficient hfr1-201 mutant. These results indicate that the PIF4 activity is
modulated through a double layer of competitive inhibition by HFR1 and KDR, which could in turn ensure fine-tuning
of the PIF4 activity under fluctuating light conditions.

Keywords Arabidopsis, competitive inhibition, KIDARI (KDR), light signaling, LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED 1 (HFR1), PHYTOCHROMEINTERACTING
FACTOR (PIF)

Article

Research Article

Mol. Cells 2013; 35(1): 25-31

Published online January 31, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-013-2159-2

Copyright © The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology.

A Competitive Peptide Inhibitor KIDARI Negatively Regulates HFR1 by Forming Nonfunctional Heterodimers in Arabidopsis Photomorphogenesis

Shin-Young Hong, Pil Joon Seo, Jae Yong Ryu, Shin-Hae Cho, Je-Chang Woo, and Chung-Mo Park

Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea, Department of Biological Science, Mokpo National University, Muan, Korea, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received: June 12, 2012; Revised: November 13, 2012; Accepted: November 14, 2012

Abstract

Dynamic dimer formation is an elaborate means of modulating transcription factor activities in diverse cellular processes.
The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED 1 (HFR1), for example,
plays a role in plant photomorphogenesis by forming non-DNA binding heterodimers with PHYTOCHROMEINTERACTING
FACTORS (PIFs). Recent studies have shown that a small HLH protein KIDARI (KDR) negatively
regulates the HFR1 activity in the process. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the KDR control of the
HFR1 activity are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that KDR attenuates the HFR1 activity by competitively forming
nonfunctional heterodimers, causing liberation of PIF4 from the transcriptionally inactive HFR1-PIF4 complex.
Accordingly, the photomorphogenic hypocotyl growth of the HFR1-overexpres-sing plants can be suppressed by
KDR coexpression, as observed in the HFR1-deficient hfr1-201 mutant. These results indicate that the PIF4 activity is
modulated through a double layer of competitive inhibition by HFR1 and KDR, which could in turn ensure fine-tuning
of the PIF4 activity under fluctuating light conditions.

Keywords: Arabidopsis, competitive inhibition, KIDARI (KDR), light signaling, LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED 1 (HFR1), PHYTOCHROMEINTERACTING
FACTOR (PIF)

Mol. Cells
Sep 30, 2023 Vol.46 No.9, pp. 527~572
COVER PICTURE
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by airspace enlargement (emphysema) and small airway fibrosis, leading to airflow obstruction and eventual respiratory failure. Shown is a microphotograph of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained histological sections of the enlarged alveoli as an indicator of emphysema. Piao et al. (pp. 558-572) demonstrate that recombinant human hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (rhHAPLN1) significantly reduces the extended airspaces of the emphysematous alveoli by increasing the levels of TGF-β receptor I and SIRT1/6, as a previously unrecognized mechanism in human alveolar epithelial cells, and consequently mitigates COPD.

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