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Mol. Cells 2012; 34(2): 149-158

Published online July 25, 2012

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-012-0019-0

© The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology

Liver Cell Line Derived Conditioned Medium Enhances Myofibril Organization of Primary Rat Cardiomyocytes

Jinseok Kim1,2,3,7, Yu-Shik Hwang1,2,4,7, Alice Mira Chung1,2, Bong Geun Chung1,2,5, and Ali Khademhosseini1,2,4,6,*

1Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA, 2Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA, 3Center for Bionics, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea, 4Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea, 5Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Korea, 6Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA, 7These authors contributed equally to this work.

Correspondence to : *Correspondence: alik@rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Received: January 13, 2012; Revised: May 29, 2012; Accepted: June 21, 2012

Abstract

Cardiomyocytes are the fundamental cells of the heart and play an important role in engineering of tissue constructs for regenerative medicine and drug discovery. Therefore, the development of culture conditions that can be used to generate functional cardiomyocytes to form cardiac tissue may be of great interest. In this study, isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured with several culture conditions in vitro and characterized for cell proliferation, myofibril organization, and cardiac functionality by assessing cell morphology, immunocytochemical staining, and time-lapse confocal scanning microscopy. When cardiomyocytes were cultured in liver cell line derived conditioned medium without exogenous growth factors and cytokines, the cell proliferation increased, cell morphology was highly elongated, and subsequent myofibril organization was highly developed. These developed myofibril organi-zation also showed high level of contractibility and synchronization, representing high functionality of cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, many of the known factors in hepatic conditioned medium, such as insulin-like growth factor II (IGFII), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), did not show similar effects as the hepatic conditioned medium, suggesting the possibility of synergistic activity of the several soluble factors or the presence of unknown factors in hepatic conditioned medium. Finally, we demonstrated that our culture system could provide a potentially powerful tool for in vitro cardiac tissue organization and cardiac function study.

Keywords cardiomyocytes, hepatic conditioned Medium, myofibril organization, proliferation

Article

Research Article

Mol. Cells 2012; 34(2): 149-158

Published online August 31, 2012 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-012-0019-0

Copyright © The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology.

Liver Cell Line Derived Conditioned Medium Enhances Myofibril Organization of Primary Rat Cardiomyocytes

Jinseok Kim1,2,3,7, Yu-Shik Hwang1,2,4,7, Alice Mira Chung1,2, Bong Geun Chung1,2,5, and Ali Khademhosseini1,2,4,6,*

1Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA, 2Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA, 3Center for Bionics, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea, 4Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea, 5Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Korea, 6Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA, 7These authors contributed equally to this work.

Correspondence to:*Correspondence: alik@rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Received: January 13, 2012; Revised: May 29, 2012; Accepted: June 21, 2012

Abstract

Cardiomyocytes are the fundamental cells of the heart and play an important role in engineering of tissue constructs for regenerative medicine and drug discovery. Therefore, the development of culture conditions that can be used to generate functional cardiomyocytes to form cardiac tissue may be of great interest. In this study, isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured with several culture conditions in vitro and characterized for cell proliferation, myofibril organization, and cardiac functionality by assessing cell morphology, immunocytochemical staining, and time-lapse confocal scanning microscopy. When cardiomyocytes were cultured in liver cell line derived conditioned medium without exogenous growth factors and cytokines, the cell proliferation increased, cell morphology was highly elongated, and subsequent myofibril organization was highly developed. These developed myofibril organi-zation also showed high level of contractibility and synchronization, representing high functionality of cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, many of the known factors in hepatic conditioned medium, such as insulin-like growth factor II (IGFII), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), did not show similar effects as the hepatic conditioned medium, suggesting the possibility of synergistic activity of the several soluble factors or the presence of unknown factors in hepatic conditioned medium. Finally, we demonstrated that our culture system could provide a potentially powerful tool for in vitro cardiac tissue organization and cardiac function study.

Keywords: cardiomyocytes, hepatic conditioned Medium, myofibril organization, proliferation

Mol. Cells
Feb 28, 2023 Vol.46 No.2, pp. 69~129
COVER PICTURE
The bulk tissue is a heterogeneous mixture of various cell types, which is depicted as a skein of intertwined threads with diverse colors each of which represents a unique cell type. Single-cell omics analysis untangles efficiently the skein according to the color by providing information of molecules at individual cells and interpretation of such information based on different cell types. The molecules that can be profiled at the individual cell by single-cell omics analysis includes DNA (bottom middle), RNA (bottom right), and protein (bottom left). This special issue reviews single-cell technologies and computational methods that have been developed for the single-cell omics analysis and how they have been applied to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of biological and pathological phenomena at the single-cell level.

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