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Mol. Cells 2011; 32(3): 227-234

Published online June 23, 2011

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-011-1022-6

© The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology

FVE, an Arabidopsis Homologue of the Retinoblastoma-Associated Protein That Regulates Flowering Time and Cold Response, Binds to Chromatin as a Large Multiprotein Complex

Jin Jeon1, and Jungmook Kim2*

1Department of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea, 2Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea

Correspondence to : *Correspondence: jungmkim@chonnam.ac.kr

Received: February 1, 2011; Revised: May 26, 2011; Accepted: May 27, 2011

Abstract

Some genetic studies indicate that plant homologues of proteins involved in chromatin modification and remode-ling in other organisms may regulate plant development. Previously, we described an Arabidopsis mutant with altered cold-responsive gene expression (acg1) displaying a late flowering phenotype, a null allele of fve. FVE is a homologue of the mammalian retinoblastoma-associated protein (RbAp), one component of a histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex involved in transcriptional repression, and has been shown to be involved in the deacetylation of the FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) chromatin encoding for a repressor of flowering. In an effort to gain insight into the biochemical functions of FVE, we overexpressed FVE tagged with the hemagglutinin (HA) and FLAG epitope at the N-terminus in acg1 mutants. The results of physiological and molecular analyses demonstrated that FVE over-expression in acg1 rescued the mutant phenotypes, in-cluding late flowering and alterations in floral pathway gene expression such as FLC, SUPPRESSOR OF OVER-EXPRESSION OF CO1 (SOC1), and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), and also super-induced cold-responsive reporter gene expression. The chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments revealed the amplification of specific DNA regions of FLC and COLD-REGULATED 15A (COR15A), indicating that FVE may bind to the FLC and COR15A chromatin. Gel-filtration chromatography and the immunoprecipitation of putative FVE complexes showed that FVE forms a protein complex of approximately 1.0 MDa. These results demonstrate that FVE may exist as a multiprotein complex, similar to the mammalian HDAC complex harboring RbAp, to regulate flowering time and cold response by associating with the FLC and COR chromatin.

Keywords chromatin, flowering, FVE, histone deacetylase, retinoblastoma-associated protein

Article

Research Article

Mol. Cells 2011; 32(3): 227-234

Published online September 30, 2011 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-011-1022-6

Copyright © The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology.

FVE, an Arabidopsis Homologue of the Retinoblastoma-Associated Protein That Regulates Flowering Time and Cold Response, Binds to Chromatin as a Large Multiprotein Complex

Jin Jeon1, and Jungmook Kim2*

1Department of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea, 2Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea

Correspondence to:*Correspondence: jungmkim@chonnam.ac.kr

Received: February 1, 2011; Revised: May 26, 2011; Accepted: May 27, 2011

Abstract

Some genetic studies indicate that plant homologues of proteins involved in chromatin modification and remode-ling in other organisms may regulate plant development. Previously, we described an Arabidopsis mutant with altered cold-responsive gene expression (acg1) displaying a late flowering phenotype, a null allele of fve. FVE is a homologue of the mammalian retinoblastoma-associated protein (RbAp), one component of a histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex involved in transcriptional repression, and has been shown to be involved in the deacetylation of the FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) chromatin encoding for a repressor of flowering. In an effort to gain insight into the biochemical functions of FVE, we overexpressed FVE tagged with the hemagglutinin (HA) and FLAG epitope at the N-terminus in acg1 mutants. The results of physiological and molecular analyses demonstrated that FVE over-expression in acg1 rescued the mutant phenotypes, in-cluding late flowering and alterations in floral pathway gene expression such as FLC, SUPPRESSOR OF OVER-EXPRESSION OF CO1 (SOC1), and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), and also super-induced cold-responsive reporter gene expression. The chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments revealed the amplification of specific DNA regions of FLC and COLD-REGULATED 15A (COR15A), indicating that FVE may bind to the FLC and COR15A chromatin. Gel-filtration chromatography and the immunoprecipitation of putative FVE complexes showed that FVE forms a protein complex of approximately 1.0 MDa. These results demonstrate that FVE may exist as a multiprotein complex, similar to the mammalian HDAC complex harboring RbAp, to regulate flowering time and cold response by associating with the FLC and COR chromatin.

Keywords: chromatin, flowering, FVE, histone deacetylase, retinoblastoma-associated protein

Mol. Cells
Nov 30, 2023 Vol.46 No.11, pp. 655~725
COVER PICTURE
Kim et al. (pp. 710-724) demonstrated that a pathogen-derived Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum type III effector RipL delays flowering time and enhances susceptibility to bacterial infection in Arabidopsis thaliana. Shown is the RipL-expressing Arabidopsis plant, which displays general dampening of the transcriptional program during pathogen infection, grown in long-day conditions.

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