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Mol. Cells 2010; 29(2): 167-174

Published online December 10, 2009

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-010-0010-6

© The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology

Fine Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis of the Floury Endosperm Gene, FLO(a), in Rice

Yongli Qiao, Song-I Lee, Rihua Piao, Wenzhu Jiang, Tae-Ho Ham, Joong-Hyoun Chin1, Zhongze Piao2, Longzhi Han3, Si-Yong Kang4, and Hee-Jong Koh*

Department of Plant Science, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea, 1Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, International Rice Research Institute, Los Ban?s, Laguna, DAPO BOX 7777, Manila, Philippines, 2Crop Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China, 3Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, 4Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jungeub 580-910, Korea

Correspondence to : *Correspondence: heejkoh@snu.ac.kr

Received: September 3, 2009; Revised: October 19, 2009; Accepted: October 28, 2009

Abstract

In addition to its role as an energy source for plants, ani-mals and humans, starch is also an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels. In rice, the eating and cooking quality of the grain is determined by its starch properties. The floury endosperm of rice has been ex-plored as an agronomical trait in breeding and genetics studies. In the present study, we characterized a floury endosperm mutant, flo(a), derived from treatment of Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cultivar Hwacheong with MNU. The innermost endosperm of the flo(a) mutant exhibited floury characteristics while the outer layer of the endosperm appeared normal. Starch granules in the flo(a) mutant formed a loosely-packed crystalline structure and X-ray diffraction revealed that the overall crystallinity of the starch was decreased compared to wild-type. The FLO(a) gene was isolated via a map-based cloning approach and predicted to encode the tetratricopeptide repeat domain-containing protein, OsTPR. Three mutant alleles contain a nucleotide substitution that generated one stop codon or one splice site, respectively, which presumably disrupts the interaction of the functionally conserved TPR motifs. Taken together, our map-based cloning approach pin-pointed an OsTPR as a strong candidate of FLO(a), and the proteins that contain TPR motifs might play a significant role in rice starch biosynthetic pathways.

Keywords endosperm, mapping, rice, starch, tetratricopeptide repeat domain-containing protein

Article

Research Article

Mol. Cells 2010; 29(2): 167-174

Published online February 28, 2010 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-010-0010-6

Copyright © The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology.

Fine Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis of the Floury Endosperm Gene, FLO(a), in Rice

Yongli Qiao, Song-I Lee, Rihua Piao, Wenzhu Jiang, Tae-Ho Ham, Joong-Hyoun Chin1, Zhongze Piao2, Longzhi Han3, Si-Yong Kang4, and Hee-Jong Koh*

Department of Plant Science, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea, 1Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, International Rice Research Institute, Los Ban?s, Laguna, DAPO BOX 7777, Manila, Philippines, 2Crop Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China, 3Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, 4Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jungeub 580-910, Korea

Correspondence to:*Correspondence: heejkoh@snu.ac.kr

Received: September 3, 2009; Revised: October 19, 2009; Accepted: October 28, 2009

Abstract

In addition to its role as an energy source for plants, ani-mals and humans, starch is also an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels. In rice, the eating and cooking quality of the grain is determined by its starch properties. The floury endosperm of rice has been ex-plored as an agronomical trait in breeding and genetics studies. In the present study, we characterized a floury endosperm mutant, flo(a), derived from treatment of Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cultivar Hwacheong with MNU. The innermost endosperm of the flo(a) mutant exhibited floury characteristics while the outer layer of the endosperm appeared normal. Starch granules in the flo(a) mutant formed a loosely-packed crystalline structure and X-ray diffraction revealed that the overall crystallinity of the starch was decreased compared to wild-type. The FLO(a) gene was isolated via a map-based cloning approach and predicted to encode the tetratricopeptide repeat domain-containing protein, OsTPR. Three mutant alleles contain a nucleotide substitution that generated one stop codon or one splice site, respectively, which presumably disrupts the interaction of the functionally conserved TPR motifs. Taken together, our map-based cloning approach pin-pointed an OsTPR as a strong candidate of FLO(a), and the proteins that contain TPR motifs might play a significant role in rice starch biosynthetic pathways.

Keywords: endosperm, mapping, rice, starch, tetratricopeptide repeat domain-containing protein

Mol. Cells
Sep 30, 2023 Vol.46 No.9, pp. 527~572
COVER PICTURE
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is marked by airspace enlargement (emphysema) and small airway fibrosis, leading to airflow obstruction and eventual respiratory failure. Shown is a microphotograph of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained histological sections of the enlarged alveoli as an indicator of emphysema. Piao et al. (pp. 558-572) demonstrate that recombinant human hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (rhHAPLN1) significantly reduces the extended airspaces of the emphysematous alveoli by increasing the levels of TGF-β receptor I and SIRT1/6, as a previously unrecognized mechanism in human alveolar epithelial cells, and consequently mitigates COPD.

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