TOP

Research Article

Split Viewer

Mol. Cells 2009; 28(1): 37-42

Published online June 12, 2009

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-009-0102-3

© The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology

Iron-Saturated Lactoferrin Stimulates Cell Cycle Progression through PI3K/Akt Pathway

Shin-Hee Lee, Chul-Woong Pyo, Dae Hyun Hahm, Jiyoung Kim, and Sang-Yun Choi

Received: April 14, 2009; Revised: April 22, 2009; Accepted: April 23, 2009

Abstract

Iron binding lactoferrin (Lf) is involved in the control of cell cycle progression. However, the molecular basis underlying the effects of Lf on cell cycle control, as well as its target genes, remains incompletely understood. In this study, we have demonstrated that a relatively low level of iron-saturated Lf, Lf(Fe3+), can stimulate S phase cell cycle entry, and requires Akt activation in MCF-7 cells. Lf(Fe3+) immediately induced Akt phosphorylation at Ser473, which subsequently induced the phosphorylation of two G1-checkpoint Cdk inhibitors, p21Cip/WAF1 and p27kip1. The Lf(Fe3+)-induced phosphorylation of Cdk inhibitors impaired their nuclear import behavior, thereby inducing cell cycle progression. However, the treatment of cells with a PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, almost completely blocked Lf(Fe3+)-stimulated cell cycle progression. LY294002 treatment abrogated Lf(Fe3+)-induced Akt activation, and prevented the cytoplasmic localization of p27kip1. Higher levels of p21Cip/WAF1 were also detected in the cytoplasmic sub-cellular compartment as a measure of cellular response to Lf(Fe3+). Consequently, the degree of phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein was enhanced in response to Lf(Fe3+). Therefore, we conclude that Lf(Fe3+), as a potential antagonist of Cdk inhibitors, can facilitate the functions of E2F during progression to S phase via the Akt signaling pathway.

Keywords Akt, cell cycle, lactoferrin, p21Cip/WAF1, p27kip1

Article

Research Article

Mol. Cells 2009; 28(1): 37-42

Published online July 31, 2009 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-009-0102-3

Copyright © The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology.

Iron-Saturated Lactoferrin Stimulates Cell Cycle Progression through PI3K/Akt Pathway

Shin-Hee Lee, Chul-Woong Pyo, Dae Hyun Hahm, Jiyoung Kim, and Sang-Yun Choi

Received: April 14, 2009; Revised: April 22, 2009; Accepted: April 23, 2009

Abstract

Iron binding lactoferrin (Lf) is involved in the control of cell cycle progression. However, the molecular basis underlying the effects of Lf on cell cycle control, as well as its target genes, remains incompletely understood. In this study, we have demonstrated that a relatively low level of iron-saturated Lf, Lf(Fe3+), can stimulate S phase cell cycle entry, and requires Akt activation in MCF-7 cells. Lf(Fe3+) immediately induced Akt phosphorylation at Ser473, which subsequently induced the phosphorylation of two G1-checkpoint Cdk inhibitors, p21Cip/WAF1 and p27kip1. The Lf(Fe3+)-induced phosphorylation of Cdk inhibitors impaired their nuclear import behavior, thereby inducing cell cycle progression. However, the treatment of cells with a PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, almost completely blocked Lf(Fe3+)-stimulated cell cycle progression. LY294002 treatment abrogated Lf(Fe3+)-induced Akt activation, and prevented the cytoplasmic localization of p27kip1. Higher levels of p21Cip/WAF1 were also detected in the cytoplasmic sub-cellular compartment as a measure of cellular response to Lf(Fe3+). Consequently, the degree of phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein was enhanced in response to Lf(Fe3+). Therefore, we conclude that Lf(Fe3+), as a potential antagonist of Cdk inhibitors, can facilitate the functions of E2F during progression to S phase via the Akt signaling pathway.

Keywords: Akt, cell cycle, lactoferrin, p21Cip/WAF1, p27kip1

Mol. Cells
May 31, 2023 Vol.46 No.5, pp. 259~328
COVER PICTURE
The alpha-helices in the lamin filaments are depicted as coils, with different subdomains distinguished by various colors. Coil 1a is represented by magenta, coil 1b by yellow, L2 by green, coil 2a by white, coil 2b by brown, stutter by cyan, coil 2c by dark blue, and the lamin Ig-like domain by grey. In the background, cells are displayed, with the cytosol depicted in green and the nucleus in blue (Ahn et al., pp. 309-318).

Share this article on

  • line
  • mail

Related articles in Mol. Cells

Molecules and Cells

eISSN 0219-1032
qr-code Download