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Mol. Cells

Published online December 28, 2022

© The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology

Golgi Stress Response: New Insights into the Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets of Human Diseases

Won Kyu Kim1,2 , Wooseon Choi3 , Barsha Deshar3 , Shinwon Kang4,5 , and Jiyoon Kim3,*

1Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea, 2Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea, 3Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea, 4Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada, 5Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G, Canada

Correspondence to : jykim@catholic.ac.kr

Received: September 27, 2022; Revised: October 24, 2022; Accepted: October 30, 2022

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/.

Abstract

The Golgi apparatus modifies and transports secretory and membrane proteins. In some instances, the production of secretory and membrane proteins exceeds the capacity of the Golgi apparatus, including vesicle trafficking and the post-translational modification of macromolecules. These proteins are not modified or delivered appropriately due to insufficiency in the Golgi function. These conditions disturb Golgi homeostasis and induce a cellular condition known as Golgi stress, causing cells to activate the ‘Golgi stress response,’ which is a homeostatic process to increase the capacity of the Golgi based on cellular requirements. Since the Golgi functions are diverse, several response pathways involving TFE3, HSP47, CREB3, proteoglycan, mucin, MAPK/ETS, and PERK regulate the capacity of each Golgi function separately. Understanding the Golgi stress response is crucial for revealing the mechanisms underlying Golgi dynamics and its effect on human health because many signaling molecules are related to diseases, ranging from viral infections to fatal neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, it is valuable to summarize and investigate the mechanisms underlying Golgi stress response in disease pathogenesis, as they may contribute to developing novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we investigate the perturbations and stress signaling of the Golgi, as well as the therapeutic potentials of new strategies for treating Golgi stress-associated diseases.

Keywords Golgi stress, Golgi stress response, human disease, pathogenesis, therapeutic target

Article

On-line First

Mol. Cells

Published online December 28, 2022

Copyright © The Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology.

Golgi Stress Response: New Insights into the Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets of Human Diseases

Won Kyu Kim1,2 , Wooseon Choi3 , Barsha Deshar3 , Shinwon Kang4,5 , and Jiyoon Kim3,*

1Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea, 2Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea, 3Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea, 4Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada, 5Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G, Canada

Correspondence to:jykim@catholic.ac.kr

Received: September 27, 2022; Revised: October 24, 2022; Accepted: October 30, 2022

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/.

Abstract

The Golgi apparatus modifies and transports secretory and membrane proteins. In some instances, the production of secretory and membrane proteins exceeds the capacity of the Golgi apparatus, including vesicle trafficking and the post-translational modification of macromolecules. These proteins are not modified or delivered appropriately due to insufficiency in the Golgi function. These conditions disturb Golgi homeostasis and induce a cellular condition known as Golgi stress, causing cells to activate the ‘Golgi stress response,’ which is a homeostatic process to increase the capacity of the Golgi based on cellular requirements. Since the Golgi functions are diverse, several response pathways involving TFE3, HSP47, CREB3, proteoglycan, mucin, MAPK/ETS, and PERK regulate the capacity of each Golgi function separately. Understanding the Golgi stress response is crucial for revealing the mechanisms underlying Golgi dynamics and its effect on human health because many signaling molecules are related to diseases, ranging from viral infections to fatal neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, it is valuable to summarize and investigate the mechanisms underlying Golgi stress response in disease pathogenesis, as they may contribute to developing novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we investigate the perturbations and stress signaling of the Golgi, as well as the therapeutic potentials of new strategies for treating Golgi stress-associated diseases.

Keywords: Golgi stress, Golgi stress response, human disease, pathogenesis, therapeutic target

Mol. Cells
Feb 28, 2023 Vol.46 No.2, pp. 69~129
COVER PICTURE
The bulk tissue is a heterogeneous mixture of various cell types, which is depicted as a skein of intertwined threads with diverse colors each of which represents a unique cell type. Single-cell omics analysis untangles efficiently the skein according to the color by providing information of molecules at individual cells and interpretation of such information based on different cell types. The molecules that can be profiled at the individual cell by single-cell omics analysis includes DNA (bottom middle), RNA (bottom right), and protein (bottom left). This special issue reviews single-cell technologies and computational methods that have been developed for the single-cell omics analysis and how they have been applied to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of biological and pathological phenomena at the single-cell level.

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